Tsuga heterophylla | Western Hemlock - Height 220-240cm - 40lt

Tsuga heterophylla, commonly known as Western Hemlock, is a large, coniferous tree native to the Pacific Northwest of North America. It thrives in moist, temperate rainforests, particularly along the coast, extending from Alaska down through British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and into northern California. Western Hemlock is the state tree of Washington and is a key species in the ecological dynamics of these forests.

Reaching heights of up to 70 metres (230 feet) and sometimes living for over 500 years, Tsuga heterophylla is recognised for its gracefully drooping crown and soft, feathery foliage. The tree's bark is brownish-grey, deeply furrowed, and somewhat scaly. Its needles are short and flat, ranging from 5 to 23 millimetres in length, with a glossy green upper surface and pale, stomata-lined undersides. The needles are arranged irregularly on the twigs, creating a delicate, lacy texture.

The Western Hemlock produces small, pendulous cones, typically around 2-3 centimetres long. These cones are cylindrical and initially green, maturing to a light brown as they release their seeds. The seeds themselves are tiny, each equipped with a papery wing that aids in wind dispersal.

Ecologically, Tsuga heterophylla plays a vital role in its native habitat. It is a shade-tolerant species, often found in the understory of old-growth forests, where it gradually overtakes other species due to its ability to thrive in low light conditions. The tree is also a significant source of food and shelter for various wildlife, including birds and small mammals.