Fruit Trees

Corylus maxima ‘Purpurea’ / purple leaved Filbert Corylus maxima ‘Purpurea’ is an upright deciduous tree-like shrub with heart shaped dark purple leaves.  It has pendulous pale yellow male catkins from late winter through to the spring. These can measure up to 12cm long.  Corylus maxima ‘Purpurea’ produces edible nuts which ripen in the autumn.  It has a maximum height of 6m and spread of 5m.  It grows happily on chalk soils and sunny gardens.  It is very hardy. Corylus Avellana (Cosford Cob) Corylus Avellana is a spreading deciduous small tree or shrub.  The leaves are rounded which turn yellow in the autumn.  Corylus Avellana has male yellow catkins in the spring.  These are followed by edible nuts (cobnuts) in the autumn.  The eventual height is between 4-8m.  

Dessert Sweetheart Sweetheart is predominantly a sweet cherry. Its sweet taste is not too sugary, with a hint of bitter sharpness. The flavour is richer than most other cherries. To get the best flavour from Sweetheart cherries, pick when they are fully ripe and eat immediately. Sweetheart is a self-fertile variety and ripens in August, and has a long picking period. The fruit often ripens unevenly, which often prevents a glut of fruit in one go. Sweet Sunburst Sunburst is a good modern cherry variety.  It has soft flesh, and a good sweet mild cherry flavour. Sunburst is a large fruit with a near black skin. It is a self-fertile variety, and the picking time is early July. It is closely related to the Stella cherry, and is considered to be an improved version. Stella Stella cherry is a self-fertile variety of cherry. It produces large fruits which are dark red. They have a sweet taste and are juicy. Stella has a vigorous growth habit, which begins upright and then spreads. It is classed as a ideal garden cherry tree, since it can be grown on its own. It is also a good pollinator for other cherry trees. Napoleon Napoleon is a medium-large white cherry with a firm flesh. It was introduced to Britain about 150  years ago. It has a sweet-sharp flavour, and is of very good quality. Napoleon has pale yellow-white flesh flushed with dark red. Napoleon is a very good cropper. It is recommended that they are eaten fresh. Their picking time is late July\early August. Cooking Nabella Nabella is a culinary cherry, similar to Morello. It produces medium-sized, glossy, bright red fruits. Nabella is a self-fertile variety and the fruits ripen late. They are an excellent choice for making jams, pies or liqueurs. Nabella pick time is August. Morello Morello is a traditional English cherry, primarily used for making jams, preserves and pies. Morello is a large black fruit with a dark red flesh. When it is cooked it has a rich, strong cherry flavour. Morello can be eaten fresh, but they need to be very ripe, otherwise their taste will be very acidic and bitter. Morello has a compact, spreading growth habit and is self-fertile. They have a good resistance to disease and their picking time is July\August.

Dessert Worcester Pearmain Worcester Pearmain is hardy, reliable and resistant to mildew. However, it can be susceptible to scab and canker. It is best to leave the small-medium sized fruits on the tree until they are fully ripe. This enhances the flavour and aroma. Worcester Pearmain is slow to start bearing fruit  The skin is yellowish-green, flushed with bright red. Picking time is early September. Tydeman’s Early Tydeman’s Early is a dessert apple.  It produces good sized fruit.  The skin is pale yellow which is flushed with crimson red and purplish-crimson stripes.  Tydeman’s Early produces apples which are rich in flavour.  It is sweet with a little acidity.  Pick from August to September. Sunset Sunset variety is an offspring of Cox’s Orange Pippin.  It is a hardy, compact small-medium sized apple.  It has good disease resistance.  The skin  is golden which is flushed and striped with red.  It also has small patches of russet.  Sunset has a very good flavour, and is crisp, sweet and juicy.  It crops regularly and heavily and picking time is late September. Spartan Spartan variety is a medium fruit with smooth, yellow skin which is flushed with dark red.  It is white fleshed, crisp and juicy.  It is a hardy tree and yields moderately.  Spartan can be susceptible to canker. If the fruit is small, it is essential to thin the tree, and it will also respond well to feeding.  Picking time is October. Kidd’s Orange Red Kidd’s Orange Red is a small-medium sized fruit from New Zealand.  It is similar in flavour and texture to Cox’s Orange Pippin.  It is a heavy and regular cropper.  The skin is yellow, which is heavily flushed with red.  There are also patches of pale brown russet.  It is suitable for north facing gardens.  Kidd’s Orange Red has quite good resistance to disease.  Picking time is early October. Katy The Katy variety originates from Sweden, and is therefore a good choice for north facing gardens.  It is a small-medium size fruit with greenish-yellow skin, which is heavily flushed with bright red.  Katy is a heavy and regular cropper.  The fruit is juicy and refreshing.  Picking time is early September. Jupiter Jupiter was introduced in 1982, as a variety similar to Cox’s  Orange Pippin – similar in flavour but without the unreliability.  It is a heavy cropper and has vigorous growth.  Jupiter needs to be grafted onto a dwarfing stock.  It is a medium size apple with golden-yellow skin, which is flushed and striped with red.  Picking time is mid-September. James Grieve James Grieve variety is an excellent choice if you have a difficult site.  The medium-large size fruit is reliable and hardy.  It is a heavy and regular cropper.  James Grieve has soft textured fruit which is juicy and tangy.  The skin is yellow which is speckled and striped with orange.  Picking time is early September. Greensleeves Greensleeves produces a medium size fruit and is similar to Golden Delicious.  It is hardy and easy to manage.  The skin is pale green which turns pale yellow.  Greensleeves fruits early in life, and can produce heavy crops.  The flavour soon fades when stored.  Picking time is September. Granny Smith Granny Smith produces a medium size fruit.  It is a reliable and heavy cropper.  It does however need a hot summer and a favourable location.  Granny Smith needs to be picked late and stored for a long time to produce a fruit suitable for eating.  The skin is green and this is sometimes flushed and striped with brown.  Picking time is late October. Fiesta Fiesta  variety is a good substitute if you are not able to grow Cox’s Orange Pippin.  However, the flavour is not as good.  It is  reliable and crops well.  Fiesta has medium-large fruit and the skin is yellow which is flushed and striped with red.  Picking time is early October. Red Falstaff Red Falstaff is a dessert apple with red coloured fruit.  It is a self-fertile variety, and crops well.  It has crisp, juicy, well flavoured fruit.  Red Falstaff flowers mid-season and the crop is ready for picking in October. Discovery Discovery is an ideal apple tree for a small garden, due to its moderate growth.  It has a small-medium fruit with a firm flesh.  Discovery skin is yellow and covered with bright crimson.  It is disease resistant and tolerates frost.  It can be slow to start cropping.  Picking time is August. Cox’s Orange Pippin Cox’s Orange Pippin variety is a medium size dessert apple and regarded by many as the best eating apple.  It has a superb flavour and is also crisp and juicy.  It is not suitable for northern districts.  In the south it can be temperamental.   Cox’s Orange Pippin is susceptible to frost and disease.  The skin is golden and this is flushed with orange-red.  There are also patches of brown russet.  Picking time is October. Charles Ross Charles Ross variety is large and round and has a sweet, juicy flavour.  However, it can become dry and tasteless if stored for long periods.  The skin is yellow-green and this is flushed and striped with orange-red.  Charles Ross is good as a dessert or cooking apple. Picking time is mid September. Blenheim Orange Blenheim Orange is a large variety and has a creamy flesh. It is crisp and dry and has a nutty flavour.  It is a good cropper, and can be used for cooking as well as a dessert apple. Blenheim Orange fruit has golden skin which is flushed and striped with dull red and brown russet.  It has vigorous growth and it is recommended purchasing on a dwarfing stock.  Picking time is early October. Pixie Pixie variety produces attractive looking fruit.  They are crisp, juicy and aromatic.  The small-medium fruit has yellow-green skin flushed and striped with red.  Pixie crop heavily and are  disease resistant.  Picking time is mid October. Laxton Superb Laxton Superb produces medium-large fruits, but is not suitable for small gardens.  Thinning is usually necessary, and it is susceptible to scab.  The skin is green-yellow and is flushed with dark red.  There are also patches of russet.  Laxton Superb fruit stores well and the flowers are fairly frost resistant.  Picking time is early October. Jonagold Jonagold has excellent fruit quality.  It is crisp, full of flavour and juicy.  The fruits are large-very large and the skin is green-yellow and lightly flushed and mottled in red.  Jonagold has  vigorous growth and its spreading habit could be a problem for a smaller garden.  It crops very well and young trees fruit quickly.  Picking time is mid October. Howgate Wonder Howgate Wonder is a very large variety, and it grows well if you live in the north or in a frosty area.  It is a vigorous growing, spreading tree.  It is a very  heavy cropper.  Howgate Wonder flavour can sometimes be insipid.  The skin colour is green-yellow which is flushed and striped with pale red.  Picking time is October. Golden Delicious Golden Delicious does require sunnier conditions that Britain can produce to give it its best as the flavour and size can disappoint after a poor summer.  It has medium size fruit and the skin is green or golden yellow.  This apple tree is a good pollinator for other varieties. Golden Delicious fruit stores well.  Picking time is late October. Gala Gala is medium size variety has a sweet, crisp flesh.  It crops well.  However, it is prone to canker and scab and the fruit can be quite small if the tree is not thinned.  Gala skin is yellow and heavily flushed with red.  Picking time is October. Ellison’s Orange Ellison’s Orange is a medium size variety, which is hardy and easy to grow.  Ellison’s Orange is juicy and has an aniseed flavour.  It is scab and frost resistant but canker can be a problem.  The skin is green-yellow which is flushed and striped with red.  Picking time is mid September. Ashmead’s Kernel Ashmead’s Kernel is about 300 years old!  It has yellow flesh which is crisp and has an excellent flavour.  It is scab resistant and the fruit stores well.  Ashmead’s Kernel is not recommended for exposed north facing gardens as this will affect the cropping, which overall is light and erratic.  The skin is yellow-green which is covered with mid brown russet.  Picking time is mid October. Lord Lambourne Lord Lambourne  is a dessert apple suitable for small gardens as it has a compact growth.  It is a very successful regular cropper wherever planted.  Lord Lambourne produces a medium size fruit which is sweet and juicy.  The skin is green-yellow which is flushed and striped with red. Picking time is mid September. Egremont Russet Egremont Russet is a dessert apple which produces small-medium size fruit with a rough skin.  It has a very good flavour with a crisp flesh.  The blossom is frost resistant.  The skin is golden with large patches of pale brown russet.  Egremont Russet has an upright growth habit.  Picking time is late September. Belle de Boskoop Belle de Boskoop is a cooking and dessert apple.  It produces medium-large fruits with a creamy flesh, and sweet\sharp flavour.  The skin is yellow-red with mottled russet.  Belle de Boskoop stores well and is a good cropper.  It has good resistance to scab and canker.  The picking time is in early October. Cooking Newton Wonder Newton Wonder has very vigorous growth and is therefore not suitable for small gardens.  It is known for its heavy yields of fine-flavoured very large fruits.  The fruit is juicy and acid and cooks well.  It is not regarded as a dual purpose variety, but stored Newton Wonder can be used as a dessert apple.  The skin is golden-yellow which is flushed and striped with red.  The picking time is October. Bramley’s Seedling Bramley’s Seedling is the most popular cooking apple.  It produces heavy crops of large fruit with a creamy flesh which is full of flavour.  It grows vigorously and is not therefore suitable for small gardens.  Bramley’s Seedling is often a biennial cropper.  The skin is yellow-green which is lightly striped with red.  Picking time is mid October. Bountiful Bountiful is an ideal choice if you have a small garden.  It is quite sweet for a cooking apple, and you may not need to add extra sugar. Bountiful produces large fruits which are pale green, striped with orange-red.  It is a heavy cropper.   Picking time is late September. Rev. W Wilks Rev. W Wilks is a compact, short rooted variety of cooking apple.  It is recommended for small gardens.  It has good resistance to disease.  Rev. W Wilks produces high yields of large fruit which are of good quality, juicy and tangy.  The skin is pale green which is flushed and striped with dark pink.  It is a biennial fruiter.  The picking time is early September. Idared Idared is a medium-large size fruit is suitable for cooking and eating. However, it does lack flavour. Idared stores very well.  The skin is yellow and flushed with bright red, and the flesh is white.  Picking time is late October.  

Williams’ Bon Chretien Williams’ Bon Chretien pear is a medium-large fruit with pale yellow skin with pale red stripes and spots.  It has an oval shape with a smooth skin.  Williams’ Bon Chretien is a regular cropper, and should be hardy enough for northern areas.  The quality of the fruit is very good, but it does not store for very long.  Its picking time is September. Doyenne du Comice Doyenne du Comice is a dessert pear which produces medium-large fruit, with a golden-yellow skin which is flushed with brownish-red.  Its taste and texture are outstanding.  However, it needs warmth and shelter from winds.  Unfortunately, Doyenne du Comice it is an irregular cropper and will also require spraying against scab.  The picking time is mid-October.  Its Pollination Group is C.  It requires a pollination partner such as ‘Beth’ or ‘Concorde’. Conference Conference dessert pears produce medium sized fruit with an olive green skin, with large russet patches. It is a reliable variety to grow even if it has less than perfect conditions. Conference fruits are long and narrow with firm, juicy flesh. It is partly self-fertile and is in Pollination Group B. If it has a nearby pollination partner it will produce a better crop of fruit. Picking time is late September. Beth – Pear Beth is a dessert pear produces small-medium fruits with a pale yellow skin with russet spots.  It produces high yields and regular cropping.  Beth has a soft white flesh.  It has an upright growth habit.  It comes under Pollination Group B.  Picking time is late August.

Morus Nigra Morus nigra is the black mulberry tree. It produces purplish-black, sweet, juicy fruits during the summer months. Morus nigra fruits are delicate and should therefore be eaten soon after picking. Morus alba ‘Pendula’ Morus alba ‘Pendula’ is the weeping mulberry.  It is deciduous, with shiny green leaves.  Morus alba ‘Pendula’ is ideal for small gardens, and requires little maintenance. Its weeping habit growth will reach the ground.  The tree produces green flowers in the summer, which are followed by berries in the autumn.  These emerge white, gradually turning dark pink\red or black.

Mespilus germanica ‘Nottingham’ – Medlar Mespilus germanica ‘Nottingham’ is a variety of medlar.  The tree has an ornamental habit with twisting stems and dark green foliage.  It produces white flowers in the spring.  The fruit has an apple\pear flavour.  Mespilus germanica ‘Nottingham’ fruit will be ready in the autumn, but it will be hard and sour.  On smaller trees, it is wise to leave the fruit in situ and they will naturally mellow to a dark brown colour and the flesh will soften.  On larger trees, it is recommended to pick the fruits and store them until they ripen. The fruits are ripe when they are squeezed and the flesh is revealed looking like apple sauce.  Mespilus germanica ‘Nottingham’ can also be used for making sauces, jellies and even marmalade. Mespilus germanica – Medlar Mespilus germanica is a small deciduous medlar tree with long leathery leaves, which turn golden yellow\brown in the autumn.  It produces white flowers in the summer. Mespilus germanica fruits resemble small apples, which are hollow at one end.  They are hard and bitter, so the fruit should be eaten when they have softened (bletted), preferably after a frost. A popular fruit historically as a fruit that could be consumed during the winter months.  The fruits can be made into preserves and jellies.

Juglans regia is a medium sized, round headed deciduous tree with spreading branches.  The leaves are large and oblong in shape, and appear in late spring\early summer.  The young shoots are orange-brown before turning green.  They produce an aromatic aroma when bruised.  Juglans regia produce male catkins, which can be up to 10cm long.  The fruits are green with an edible creamy white kernel.

Ouillin’s Golden Gage Ouillin’s Golden is a gage like plum..  It produces large, round fruit which are golden-yellow and spotted either green or brown. The flesh is transparent yellow.  It has an upright vigorous growth habit.  Ouillin’s Golden Gage is self-fertile and is in Pollination Group C.  The period of use is mid-August. Old Greengage Old Greengage has a fairly plain appearance, producing fairly small pale green fruits, which turn slightly yellow when ripe.  Old Greengage has an exceptional flavour, especially when eaten fresh.  It is tender, sweet and juicy, although not a heavy cropper.  Whilst it is a self-fertile variety, pollination is improved if you have a reliable cropper alongside e.g. Oullins Golden Gage. Cambridge Gage Cambridge gage produces small fruit which are yellow-green and flushed with red.  The flesh is yellowish-green,  juicy and the flavour is very good.  It has a vigorous growth habit, but cannot withstand cold areas.  Cambridge Gage is partly self-fertile and is in Pollination Group C.  The period of use is early September.

Ficus carica ‘Brown Turkey’ Ficus carica ‘Brown Turkey’ is a large, deciduous shrub. It has deeply lobed leaves and produces small flowers which are followed by medium-large fruits with a brownish-red skin. The red flesh of Ficus carica ‘Brown Turkey’ is rich and juicy. It is suitable for growing outdoors or under glass. In a hot summer or under glass it is possible to get a second crop of fruit. It is a reliable and heavy cropper. It can be grown in full sun in a sheltered position. The fruits are ready between August-September.  

Shropshire Prune The Shropshire Prune damson is classed as the classic damson due to its flavour.  Shropshire Prune produces radiant purple fruits ideally suited to cooking – producing a delicious flavour.  It can also be used for jams and compote.  Shropshire Prune is self-fertile and its small fruits are available from September. Merryweather The Merryweather damson produces large fruits with a blue-black skin.  The flesh is yellow, juicy, acidic but hard.  It is an excellent all-round performer.  Merryweather damson is self-fertile and in Pollination Group B.  The period of use is late September.

Victoria The Victoria plum is probably the most popular plum, producing large fruits suitable for eating and cooking.  It has yellow-green flesh.  It is a reliable and heavy cropper, but thinning is often essential.  It has pale red skin.  The Victoria has a poor resistance to disease.  Its period of use is late August.  It is self-fertile and comes under Pollination Group B. Stanley Stanley plums are firm fruits with a sweet flavour.  It is a self-fertile variety on a St. Julien A rootstock.  Stanley fruit has orange-yellow flesh underneath violet-blue skins.  The flowers usually appear fairly late, so they are less susceptible to frost damage.  Stanely can reach heights of between 12′ – 15′ if left unpruned, but can be kept to a height of 6′ – 8′.  Stanley is a good nectar source for bees and other wildlife.  The picking time is September. Santa Rosa Santa Rosa plums are dual purpose plums, being ideal for eating and cooking, with a good flavour.  Santa Rosa are medium sized plums with pale red skins and green\yellow flesh.  It is a self fertile variety. It has a vigorous upright growth habit.  The fruits are ready in late August/early September. Opal  Opal dessert plums produce a medium size fruit, with a reddish-purple skin colour.  The flesh is yellow and comes away from the stone easily.  The flavour has a gage-like taste and is sweet.  It is easy to manage, but the birds love the buds!  It is self-fertile and in Pollination Group B. Opal is a good,  heavy cropper, and generally has a good resistance to disease. The period of use is late July. Marjorie’s Seedling Marjorie’s Seedling  plum is an excellent choice if you would like a plum that can be used for cooking and eating.  It produces large fruits with purple skin.  Marjorie’s Seedling is oval in shape with yellow flesh.  It has an upright growth which is vigorous.  The blossom season is late enough so can miss the frosts.  Its period of use is  late September.  It is self-fertile and comes under Pollination Group C.

Prunus dulcis is a small deciduous tree, which has the added feature of producing almond nuts in the autumn. In spring, Prunus dulcis produces beautiful single and double pink flowers which are followed by bright green leaves which are slightly serrated around their edges. The leaves turn yellow and orange in the autumn. Prunus dulcis prefers a well drained, reasonably fertile soil. With an eventual height of up to 7m, it is a perfect choice for a small garden.

Vranja quince is one of the most popular varieties grown in the UK.  It produces a  large, pear shaped, yellow fruit.  The tree has a spreading habit with moderate growth.  Vranja are easy to grow in southern UK or against a south facing wall, although it is a light cropper.  The fruit produces an excellent flavour which is ideal for making tasty jams, jellies and marmalades.  The picking time for the fruit is October.